| |
Legal status (ref: fully regular or visa at entry)
|
Total effect (= direct + indirect)
|
Direct effect
|
Indirect effect
|
Confounding ratio (total/direct)
|
Confounding percentage (indirect/total)
|
Indirect/direct ratio
|
|---|
|
Pooled
|
Fully irregular
|
−2.122***
|
−1.828***
|
−0.293***
|
1.16
|
13.81 %
|
0.16
|
|
Mixed (no RP)
|
0.817+
|
0.985**
|
−0.169***
|
0.83
|
−20.69 %
|
−0.17
|
|
Mixed (no WP)
|
−0.725**
|
−0.584*
|
−0.141**
|
1.24
|
19.45 %
|
0.24
|
|
No visa at entry
|
−0.39
|
−0.39
|
−0.0043
|
1.00
|
1.10 %
|
0.01
|
|
France
|
Fully irregular
|
−0.63+
|
−0.34
|
−0.30***
|
1.85
|
48 %
|
0.88
|
|
Mixed (no RP)
|
2.07**
|
2.31***
|
−0.23**
|
0.90
|
−11 %
|
−0.10
|
|
Mixed (no WP)
|
−0.81*
|
−0.63+
|
−0.19**
|
1.29
|
23 %
|
0.30
|
|
No visa at entry
|
0.49
|
0.44
|
0.048
|
1.11
|
10 %
|
0.11
|
|
Spain
|
Fully irregular
|
−3.46***
|
−3.32***
|
−0.14
|
1.04
|
4 %
|
0.04
|
|
Mixed (no RP)
|
−1.16
|
−1.20
|
0.040
|
0.97
|
−3 %
|
−0.03
|
|
Mixed (no WP)
|
−1.10*
|
−1.06+
|
−0.04
|
1.04
|
4 %
|
0.04
|
|
No visa at entry
|
−3.14***
|
−3.11***
|
−0.02
|
1.01
|
1 %
|
0.01
|
|
Italy
|
Fully irregular
|
−3.19***
|
−2.54***
|
−0.65***
|
1.26
|
20 %
|
0.26
|
|
Mixed (no RP)
|
−0.08
|
0.20
|
−0.28
|
−0.40
|
350 %
|
−1.40
|
|
Mixed (no WP)
|
−0.95
|
−0.77
|
−0.19
|
1.23
|
20 %
|
0.25
|
|
No visa at entry
|
−0.27
|
−0.15
|
−0.12
|
1.80
|
44 %
|
0.80
|
- Notes: *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, + p < 0.1; logit coefficients displayed. KHB method. All models control for variables listed in Table 3
- Source: MAFE-Senegal
