Table 9 Participation in the Senegalese Electoral Campaign from the US/France

Age (years)

-0.006***

-0.005***

-0.004***

-0.0046**

-0.0052*

(-5.97)

(-3.50)

(-3.41)

(-2.61)

(-2.44)

Sex (female)

-0.0549***

-0.0565***

-0.0490***

-0.0381***

-0.0418*

(-5.48)

(-10.38)

(-54.56)

(-7.89)

(-2.09)

Length of stay abroad

0.00225

0.00330

0.00336

0.00212

0.00328

(years)

(0.88)

(1.51)

(1.62)

(0.88)

(1.50)

Employed

-0.126*

(ref. unemployed)

(-2.07)

Own land in Senegal

0.104***

0.114***

0.0922***

0.0762***

0.0453*

(ref: no)

(6.82)

(5.60)

(4.09)

(5.07)

(2.48)

Own a business in

0.0727

0.0644

0.0938*

Senegal (ref: no)

(1.88)

(1.76)

(1.98)

Member of a political

0.142***

0.0388

party at destination

(3.35)

(1.44)

Member of a Senegalese

0.317***

political party: yes

(13.69)

Education: High School

-0.0170

-0.0153

-0.0384

-0.0440

(ref. none)

(-0.20)

(-0.19)

(-0.48)

(-0.61)

Some College

-0.0135

-0.0165

-0.0324

-0.0198

(-0.14)

(-0.18)

(-0.34)

(-0.24)

Bachelor

0.0795

0.0723

0.0454

0.0566

(0.72)

(0.69)

(0.47)

(0.70)

Send economic

0.0344

0.0192

-0.0112

Remittances: yes

(0.86)

(0.58)

(-0.51)

Income: $16,000 to

0.0613***

0.0475***

0.0531***

0.0507**

$40,000 (ref: <$16,000)

(3.78)

(4.48)

(3.44)

(2.92)

Income: over $40,000

-0.0477

-0.0613

-0.0544

-0.0445

(-0.81)

(-0.96)

(-0.96)

(-0.76)

Plan to return to Senegal

0.0453

0.0467

0.0316

(ref: no)

(1.48)

(1.67)

(1.01)

N

754

754

754

754

754