Table 11 The relational role of economic remittances

Age (years)

0.00163*

0.00242

0.00217

0.00240*

0.00265**

0.00331***

(2.43)

(1.90)

(1.83)

(2.03)

(2.70)

(5.55)

Sex (female)

-0.0590

-0.0637

-0.0608

-0.0537

-0.0551

-0.0409

(-1.18)

(-1.16)

(-1.18)

(-1.38)

(-1.47)

(-1.09)

Length of stay abroad

0.00160

-0.000199

-0.000181

0.000312

0.000538

0.000335

(years)

(1.08)

(-0.32)

(-0.25)

(0.89)

(0.65)

(0.29)

Employed

0.160***

0.151***

0.149***

(ref. unemployed)

(7.20)

(9.30)

(8.44)

Freq. of phone calls: daily

0.104

0.0946

0.0562

0.0701

0.0729

0.0458

(ref: every three months)

(1.89)

(1.69)

(1.08)

(1.31)

(1.29)

(1.18)

Freq. of phone calls: weekly

0.137**

0.135**

0.105*

0.109**

0.110*

0.0746*

(3.22)

(2.79)

(2.41)

(2.72)

(2.47)

(2.57)

Freq. of phone calls: monthly

0.0574

0.0623

0.0396

0.0468

0.0487

0.0252

(1.41)

(1.49)

(0.94)

(1.01)

(0.98)

(0.63)

Freq. of phone calls: none

-0.0747

0.00271

-0.0188

-0.0215

-0.0177

-0.0260

(-1.25)

(0.04)

(-0.33)

(-0.33)

(-0.24)

(-0.38)

Freq. Of visits to Senegal:

0.141***

0.150***

0.153***

0.148***

0.149***

more than once a year

(3.92)

(3.72)

(6.76)

(3.50)

(4.37)

(ref: every 2 - 3 years)

Less than once a year

0.126*

0.129*

0.116

0.114

0.107

(2.20)

(2.20)

(1.85)

(1.62)

(1.67)

Never

0.0128

0.0195

0.0261

0.0228

0.0269

(0.28)

(0.39)

(0.50)

(0.40)

(0.62)

Member of a political party in Senegal

0.0809*

0.0700*

0.0699*

(2.28)

(2.36)

(2.43)

Income: $16,000 to $40,000

0.167*

0.167*

0.150

(ref: <$16,000)

(2.01)

(2.01)

(1.74)

Income: over $40,000

0.194***

0.189**

0.179**

(ref: <$16,000)

(5.02)

(3.11)

(3.09)

Education: High School

0.0000866

-0.0130

(ref. none)

(0.00)

(-0.28)

Some College

0.0270

0.0113

(0.59)

(0.24)

Bachelor

0.0213

-0.00220

(0.23)

(-0.03)

Member of a political party at destination:

0.0540*

Yes (ref: no)

(2.02)

Plan to return to Senegal: yes

0.129***

(ref: no)

(3.49)

754

754

754

754

754

754