Table 4 Linear regression models

Remittance receiving households

−0.498^***

−0.517^**

−0.414^***

−0.211^***

(0.057)

(0.243)

(0.028)

(0.060)

Oportunidades spending

0.0003

0.0001

0.001^***

0.002^***

(0.004)

(0.005)

(0.001)

(0.001)

Oportunidades^* Remittances

0.00002

−0.0002^***

(0.0002)

(0.0001)

Population density (log)

−0.911

−0.926

−0.515

−0.493

(0.792)

(0.883)

(0.397)

(0.396)

Population size (log)

−4.045^***

−4.070^***

−3.818^***

−3.672^***

(0.688)

(0.849)

(0.373)

(0.373)

Social marginalization (index)

−0.845

−0.793

−1.197^***

−1.264^***

(1.856)

(2.176)

(0.463)

(0.475)

High and very high levels of marginalization

−0.120

−0.115

−0.004

−0.037

(0.633)

(0.646)

(0.625)

(0.624)

Homicide rate

−1.695^**

−1.722^**

−1.667^**

−1.456^**

(0.872)

(0.993)

(0.814)

(0.808)

Sex ratio

0.090^**

0.090^**

0.127^***

0.124^***

(0.041)

(0.041)

(0.037)

(0.036)

Constant

75.947^***

76.302^***

68.965^***

67.097^***

(11.264)

(13.522)

(4.442)

(4.480)

Observations

2432

2432

2443

2443

State effects

YES

YES

YES

YES

R²

0.572

0.571

0.576

0.578

Adjusted R²

0.565

0.564

0.569

0.571

Residual Std. Error

7.069 (df = 2392)

7.079 (df = 2391)

7.032 (df = 2403)

7.010 (df = 2402)

F Statistic

83.554^*** (df = 39; 2403)

82.380^*** (df = 40; 2402)