Time for tolerance: exploring the influence of learning institutions on the recognition of political rights among immigrants

Comparative Migration Studies

Table 7 Predicting involvement in four learning institutions

Dependent variable	Effect of time in Sweden	R ²	N
1. Post-migration education	2.204 (0.317)***	0.63	696
2. Weak labour force attachment (vs. working)	−0.064 (0.035)*	0.05	696
3. Associational activity	0.544 (0.142)***	0.05	696
4. Political participation	0.295 (0.068)***	0.08	696

Entries are ordinary least-squares (OLS) estimates with standard errors in parenthesis. The sample is weighted to be representative of people who have immigrated to Sweden. Here, the four learning institutions were set as dependent variables in separate regression analyses, to examine the respective effect of time in Sweden (cf. Fig. 1) on each of them. All control variables are also included in the respective regression equations (cf. Table 1 above) but not reported here. The coding of the learning institution variables is described in the methodological section of the paper. For reasons of simplicity, the variable ‘pensioner’ is excluded when estimating the time effect on working-life participation (thus an OLS linear probability model is used in analysis no. 2, as the dependent variable in this case is a dummy separating unemployed and those on disability pension from those who are in paid work)
Statistical significance: ***p < .01, * p < .10