| |
Spain
|
France
|
UK
|
|---|
|
Level
|
Time
|
Level
|
Time
|
Level
|
Time
|
|---|
|
Native (ref.)
|
|
Immigrant
|
0.104
|
0.137
|
−0.319
|
−3.420**
|
0.067
|
−4.259*
|
|
(0.232)
|
(0.662)
|
(0.513)
|
(1.427)
|
(0.433)
|
(2.337)
|
|
Primary education (ref.)
|
|
Secondary
|
− 0.625***
| |
−0.324
| |
− 0.746***
| |
|
(0.107)
| |
(0.289)
| |
(0.141)
| |
|
Tertiary
|
−1.545***
| |
−1.188***
| |
− 1.535***
| |
|
(0.125)
| |
(0.302)
| |
(0.155)
| |
|
Ethnic orirgin#Education
|
|
Immigrant#Secondary
|
0.115
| |
0.869
| |
−0.345
| |
|
(0.274)
| |
(0.567)
| |
(0.527)
| |
|
Immigrant#Tertiary
|
0.844**
| |
1.772***
| |
0.746
| |
|
(0.364)
| |
(0.633)
| |
(0.496)
| |
|
Age
|
−0.041***
|
−0.046***
|
− 0.040***
|
− 0.040***
|
− 0.045***
|
− 0.046***
|
|
(0.004)
|
(0.004)
|
(0.004)
|
(0.004)
|
(0.004)
|
(0.004)
|
|
Male (ref.)
|
|
Female
|
0.070
|
0.039
|
0.254***
|
0.231**
|
−0.206**
|
−0.270***
|
|
(0.079)
|
(0.080)
|
(0.098)
|
(0.100)
|
(0.086)
|
(0.093)
|
|
Years of education
| |
−0.227***
| |
− 0.192***
| |
− 0.154***
|
| |
(0.023)
| |
(0.037)
| |
(0.026)
|
|
Immigrant#Years of education
| |
−0.028
| |
0.496**
| |
0.465*
|
| |
(0.091)
| |
(0.201)
| |
(0.269)
|
|
Years of education2
| |
0.004***
| |
0.004***
| |
0.003***
|
| |
(0.001)
| |
(0.001)
| |
(0.001)
|
|
Immigrant#Years of education2
| |
0.004
| |
−0.012*
| |
−0.010
|
| |
(0.003)
| |
(0.007)
| |
(0.007)
|
|
Constant
|
1.029***
|
2.487***
|
−0.170
|
1.138***
|
0.539***
|
1.078***
|
|
(0.174)
|
(0.267)
|
(0.350)
|
(0.412)
|
(0.206)
|
(0.297)
|
|
Observations
|
4,073
|
3,959
|
4,621
|
4,489
|
6,106
|
5,549
|
- Standard errors in parentheses
- *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1
