Skip to main content

Table 1 Proposals for data and research: Thematic Session I Human rights of all migrants, social inclusion, cohesion and all forms of discrimination, including racism, xenophobia and intolerance

From: Data and research to inform global policy: the global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration

(a) Concepts and Data

 Issues Brief:

  Specification of concepts of situational and embodied vulnerability

  Establish a common conceptual understanding of migrants in vulnerable situations

  Need for data on deaths to migrants during migratory processes

  Need for data on human rights violations to migrants

  Need for data on detention of children, by grounds for detention, globally and nationally.

  Need for data on reasons for migration

  Need for data on vulnerability of migrants and changes in vulnerabilities over time

  Need for data on vulnerability of migrants and changes in vulnerabilities over life course

  Need for specification of vulnerabilities throughout the migratory processes (place of origin, en route, at borders and destination)

  Need for data and monitoring of children during migratory process

  Data on human rights violations and abuse of migrants; information on access to justice and protection

  Need for disaggregated data on migrants in detention (age, sex and migratory status)

  Maintenance of privacy and data collection principles

 Co-facilitators Summary:

  Broaden conceptualization of intolerance

  Develop definitions of key migration terms, especially with regards to vulnerabilities

  Collection of data to detect xenophobia, racism and discrimination (in partnership with human rights institutions and also migrants)

  Specify and clarify concepts of migration, inclusion, integration and vulnerabilities

  Data needed to support safeguarding of human rights of migrants

  Data on levels and patterns of discrimination; data at the local level

  Collection of data on hate speech and crimes

  Information on degree to which government programs and practices adhere to international law regarding human rights (i.e. identify gaps in coverage)

  Collection of representative and disaggregated data on well-being of migrants

  Collection of representative and disaggregated data on human rights among migrants

 Stakeholders

  Specification of concepts of voluntary return migration

  Indicators of migration policy effectiveness

  Coverage and characteristics of child migrant populations

  improved data on irregular migration

  Inclusion of migrants in process of data collection; inclusion of voices of migrants in data analysis

  Use open-ended questions to determine claims of migrants

  Attend to effective collection of information from persons among at risk groups of migrants

  Accessibility of data on migration flows

  Accessibility of data at local levels

  Data analysis of migration must be placed in context

  Development of indicators of child migration and child migrant welfare

  Careful consideration of the interpretation of data on children and the specific identification and inclusion of adolescents among migrant children

  Enhanced training in use of available data, migration analysis and interpretation of migration data and research

  Maintain standards of data privacy

  Monitor mis-use of data

  Incorporate firewalls between migrant data sources and law enforcement

(b) Descriptive analysis

 Issues Brief:

  Levels of abuse, discrimination, exploitation among migrants, by migrant status (regular, irregular)

  Levels of access to redress to human rights violations among migrants, by migrant status (regular, irregular)

  Experience of migrants in detention; conditions of detention; effect of detention

  Need for data on variation of vulnerabilities by social and demographic characteristics

  Trends in use of migrant detention in countries

 Co-facilitators Summary:

  Compare migrants and nationals in relationship to national legislations

  Need for disaggregation by age, gender and disability status to compare vulnerabilities within context of national policies

  Profile contributions of migrants at local, regional, national and international scale

  Describe national policies on migrants’ access to health care

  Describe national policies on migrants’ access to education

  Describe health status and needs of migrant women, children and persons with disabilities

 Stakeholders

  Migration decision-making among irregular migrants

  Violence against migrants by social demographic characteristics

  Levels and patterns of discrimination among migrant works, by gender and age

  Levels of education, and educational opportunities among migrant children

  Document housing and health characteristics of migrants

  Specification of the migration characteristics and risks to adolescent migrants

  Health status and risks of migrants, by migration status, demographic characteristics, geography and over time

  Geographic patterns of migration including irregular migration

  Levels and patterns of privatization of detention facilities/programs

  Patterns of human rights violations in country of flight

  Representativeness of political parties within countries of immigration

  National and intra-national variation in models of enforcement

  Attitudes toward migrants and migration

  Trends and geographic variation in opportunities for migration

(c) Explanatory Analysis

 Issues Brief:

  Relationship between conditions of migration (safe and regular) migration and benefits of migration for migrants

  Relationship between conditions of migration (safe and regular) migration and benefits of migration for countries (of origin, and of destination)

  Relationship between regularization of migrant status and vulnerability

  Relationship between regularization of migrant status and social inclusion

  Relationship between level of irregular migration and trust in state capacities to manage migration

  Relationship of ‘deep-seated xenophobia’ to human rights violations against migrants

  Relationship between social support for migrants and violation of immigration procedures

  Relationship between policies of criminalization and exclusion and deterrence to irregular migration

  Relationship between policies of criminalization and exclusion and well-being of migration

  Relationship between policies of criminalization and exclusion and social inclusion of migrants in society

  Relationship between the migration process and health of migrants

  Effect of linguistic and cultural differences on migrants’ access to and experience with law and administrative processes.

  Risks of statelessness among children born during migration (‘migratory context’)

  Effects of migratory process on health of migrants, including those with pre-existing chronic health conditions

  Relationship of conditions in countries of origin on changing vulnerabilities of migrants

  Relationship of perception of level of irregular migration and negativity/response to migrants

  Effects of detention on migrant health

  Effect of migratory status of children on child labor force activities

 Co-facilitators Summary:

  Relationship between social inclusion of migrants and sustainable development

  Human rights violations as a driver of migration

  Effect of transit on human rights violations of migrants

  Relationship between border control and detention policies and stigmatization of migrants

  Relationship of whole of society approach to promoting social inclusion

  Relationship between social demographic characteristics of migrants (age, gender, disabilities) and forms of discrimination

  Effect of ‘whole of government’ approach in promoting social inclusion and integration among migrants

  Role of public-private partnerships and migrant organizations in promoting social inclusion and integration among migrants

  Effect of stigma on social in/exclusion

  Effect of [irregular] migration status on social inclusion

  Effect of skills recognition on social inclusion

  Effect of stigma on access to preventive care and on general public health

  [Evidence on [under] utilization of health systems among migrants

  Effect of [irregular] migration status on psychological well-being

  Relationship between migratory status and access to integration support and service provision

  Relationship between educational exclusion on well-being of migrant children

  Effect of educational exclusion on social cohesion and discontent

  Effect of exclusion on level of trust in communities

  Relationship of level of willingness among migrants for integration and public perception of migrants

  Relationship of coordination among governments and stakeholders to reducing discrimination and intolerance

  Analysis of root causes of racism and xenophobia

  Relationship of access to social services and employments to patterns and levels of social inclusion

  More research on causes of intolerant rhetoric

  Relationship between misperception in public discourse regarding migration and migrants and levels of racism, xenophobia and intolerance

 Stakeholders

  Relationship between human rights protections within migration and national policy and safety and protection of migrants

  Role on migration policy and governance in creation of irregular status among migrants, particularly workers

  Effect of electoral politics on levels of violence and xenophobia towards migrants

  Effect of religious dogma on levels of violence and xenophobia towards migrants

  Effect of gender equity on levels of societal inclusion and tolerance

  Effect of religious instruction on levels of societal inclusion and tolerance

  Migration as a determinant of health; health as a determinant of migration

  Interrelationships among migration, communities of origin and destination, and public health

  Relationship between patterns of privatization of detention facilities/programs and violence against and security of migrants

  The effect of level of migration flows on access to legal and judicial protections of migrants

  Effect of existence of human rights protection infrastructure on levels of trust between migrants and government office, particularly law enforcement

  Effects of different models of detention and enforcement on migrants, and on host communities

  Relationship of gender-sensitivity in migration governance and human rights among women and gender equity

  Relationship of concepts of migrant ‘illegality’ and general patterns of racial and ethnic tolerance and discrimination in society

  Role of ‘firewalls’ on levels and nature of migrant inclusion in sectors of society

  Role of migrants and migrant groups in developing and implementing programs of discrimination

  Determinants of access to justice and protection, by migrant status (regular, irregular)

  Role of stigma in process of reintegration of migrants into communities of origin

  Comparative analysis of the relative social costs of migration between countries of origin and countries of destination

  Relationship between labour market integration and social inclusion of migrants

  Effect of informal economy on human rights violations on migrant workers

  Effect of irregular status on human rights violations on migrant workers

  Role of trade unions and workers’ associations on social and economic inclusion of migrants

  Role of political inclusion and participation of migrants in promoting social inclusion and democratic societies

  Effect of migration and other dimensions of globalization on populist/nationalistic political activism

  Determinants of political participation of migrants

  Role of citizenship/naturalization in promoting inclusion social, economic and political inclusion of migrants

  Role of extending voting rights/opportunities among migrants in promoting social, economic and political inclusion of migrants

  Factors contributing to fact-based dialogue about the effects of migration

  Role of migrant and local governance and stakeholders in migration policy effectiveness

  Role of ‘interactive multiculturalist policy’ in promoting national identity

  Role of inclusion of migrant is city governance and administration on promoting inclusiveness as national level

  Effect of attitudes toward migrants on maximizing positive effects of migration on society

  Determinants of risks and vulnerabilities among migrants

  Effects of anti-trafficking efforts on experience of women migrants

  Effects of educational opportunities (and lack thereof) on development of child migrants

  Effect of media and language on public opinion and attitudes toward migrants

  Effect of public leadership on public opinion and attitudes toward migrants

  Factors contributing to levels and nature of access to asylum applications

(d) Models and Estimation

 Issues Brief:

 Co-facilitators Summary:

  Trend in rise of racism, xenophobia and intolerance

  Trends and geographic variation in racism, xenophobia and intolerance against migrants

  Trends in discrimination

 Stakeholders

  Emerging patterns of migration

  Emerging patterns of xenophobia and intolerance

  Independent monitoring of quality of migrant detention facilities and programs

  Emerging trends and patterns in aspirations of migrants (and non-migrants)

  Trends and new patterns of migrant vulnerabilities (and resilience)

  Monitor effectiveness of the implementation of policy

  Role of migration in complementing national demographic change

  Monitor trends in arbitrary detention

  Human rights as a cross cutting theme in analysis and monitoring of migration

  Gender as a lens in analysis and monitoring of migration

  Inclusion of civil society, including migrant organizations, in monitoring, setting of benchmarks and accountability of policy implementation and evaluation