Table 1 Country Characteristics
From: Campaigning across continents: how Latin American parties link up with migrant associations abroad
Bolivia | Ecuador | |
|---|---|---|
Freedom House Index (2018) | 67/100 (partly free) | 60/100 (partly free) |
Perceptions of Electoral Integrity (last elections) | 50/100 | 46/100 |
Incumbent President’s Party | MAS-IPSP (2006–2019) | Alianza País (2006 – present) |
Gini Index (2018) | 42.2 | 45.5 |
GDP per capita (2018) | 3351.12 | 6213.87 |
Remittances as % of GDP (2018) | 3.4% | 2.8% |
% abroad of the total population | 7.46% | 6.83% |
Main settlement countries | Argentina, Spain, USA, Brazil | USA, Spain, Italy |
% of the emigrant population that resides in Spain | 19.34% | 38.27% |
Migration history to Spain | 2002–2009 | Two Phases: Late 1990s-2004 and 2007–2010 |
Main destinations in Spain | Barcelona, Madrid, Murcia | Madrid, Barcelona, Murcia |
Background | Rural | Urban – rural |
Skill Level | Medium-low | Medium-low |
Sex Ratio | 39% Men 61% Women | 47% Men 53% Women |