Migration and child health in Moldova and Georgia

Cebotari, Victor; Siegel, Melissa; Mazzucato, Valentina

doi:10.1186/s40878-017-0068-9

Comparative Migration Studies

Table 4 Different transnational family characteristics and children’s health: Georgia

From: Migration and child health in Moldova and Georgia

	Model 11 Household type		Model 12 Duration		Model 13^a Parental migration and caregiver		Model 14 Remittances
Household type (ref. non-migrant household)
Migrant household	3.58^*	[1.19,9.73]
Returned migrant household	5.28	[0.48,6.21]
Female ^* migrant household	0.38^**	[0.18,0.79]
Duration of migration (ref. non-migrant household)
Short period abroad			1.61	[0.44,5.80]
Long period abroad			8.74^**	[1.93,19.56]
Female ^* Long period abroad			0.19^**	[0.06,0.57]
Parental migration and caregiver’s identity (ref. non-migrant: live with both parents)
Father migrant: mother caregiver					7.39^*	[1.31,16.77]
Mother migrant: father caregiver					2.05	[0.17,21.01]
Both parents abroad: grandmother caregiver					0.71	[0.01,6.76]
Female ^* Father migrant: mother caregiver					0.23^*	[0.07,0.72]
Remittances (ref. non-migrant household)
Migrant household: no							1.67	[0.40,6.97]
Migrant household: yes							2.82^*	[1.01,7.85]
Female ^* Migrant household: yes							0.39^**	[0.20,0.76]
Child is female	1.79^**	[1.18,2.71]	1.54^*	[1.05,2.26]	1.53^*	[1.03,2.28]	1.59^*	[1.07,2.38]
Age (in years)	0.99	[0.92,1.08]	0.99	[0.91,1.07]	0.99	[0.91,1.08]	0.99	[0.91,1.07]
Caregiver years of education	1.03	[0.95,1.11]	1.03	[0.95,1.11]	1.03	[0.95,1.11]	1.02	[0.95,1.10]
Good living conditions	1.14	[0.73,1.79]	1.18	[0.75,1.85]	1.18	[0.74,1.88]	1.17	[0.74,1.83]
Nr. of People per Nr. of Rooms	0.99	[0.81,1.21]	0.98	[0.80,1.19]	1.01	[0.82,1.24]	0.97	[0.79,1.18]
Number of children in household	0.88	[0.68,1.15]	0.89	[0.68,1.15]	0.86	[0.66,1.13]	0.89	[0.69,1.15]
Distant relationship with the caregiver	1.50	[0.48,4.66]	1.49	[0.48,4.68]	1.31	[0.35,4.84]	1.50	[0.48,4.66]
Happiness status caregiver	1.00	[0.92,1.10]	1.01	[0.92,1.10]	1.02	[0.92,1.10]	1.01	[0.92,1.10]
Guria (ref. Tbilisi)	0.73	[0.21,2.48]	0.68	[0.20,2.25]	0.67	[0.21,2.12]	0.73	[0.21,2.47]
Adjara	2.11^*	[1.16,3.84]	2.13^*	[1.17,3.88]	2.31^**	[1.23,4.32]	2.07^*	[1.13,3.77]
Shida-Kartli	4.64^**	[1.78,12.0]	4.72^**	[1.83,12.16]	4.73^**	[1.82,12.2]	4.63^**	[1.80,11.90]
Kaxeti	4.76^**	[1.86,12.2]	4.69^**	[1.82,12.06]	6.20^***	[2.39,16.11]	4.59^**	[1.78,11.87]
Kvemo-Kartli	3.25^**	[1.60,6.60]	3.26^***	[1.65,6.43]	3.34^***	[1.66,6.68]	3.16^***	[1.60,6.22]
Samegrelo	15.5^***	[6.30,38.5]	15.35^***	[6.23,37.80]	15.40^***	[6.25,37.92]	15.14^***	[6.15,37.28]
Imereti	0.80	[0.46,1.41]	0.79	[0.46,1.38]	0.83	[0.47,1.46]	0.78	[0.45,1.36]
Samcxe-Javaxeti	1.65	[0.60,4.52]	1.61	[0.61,4.46]	1.56	[0.53,4.42]	1.62	[0.60,4.39]
Mcxeta-Tianeti	0.75	[0.26,2.07]	0.75	[0.27,2.10]	0.88	[0.30,2.57]	0.77	[0.27,2.15]
N	1018		1018		1018		1018
Wald χ²	106.86		105.83		109.45		106.85
McFadden’s pseudo-R²	0.18		0.15		0.19		0.18
Log-pseudolikelihood	−576.32		−502.93		−434.76		−523.93

Notes: Reported results are odds ratios; 95% confidence intervals in brackets
^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^*** p < 0.001
^aModel 13 omits children in the category ‘both parents abroad: other caregiver’, as this category contained too few observations for inclusion in analysis

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