Table 2 Non-contributory social transfers (NCST) during the pandemic in selected Latin American countries by type of provider and inclusion/exclusion of migrant and refugee populations
Country | NCST from national government | NCST from International Organisations (IOs) and Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inclusion of migrants/refugees | Inclusion of migrants/refugees in IOs programmes | Inclusion of migrants/refugees in CSOs initiatives | |||||||
Main programmes | Status | Requirements for inclusion | Effective inclusion | Reason for exclusion | Main programmes | Criteria for inclusion | Main initiatives | Criteria for inclusion | |
Brazil | Bolsa Família (PBF) | Increase in existing transfer and expansion to new recipients | PBF: Regular migration status [CPF or Valid ID for registration in social programmes registry (CadÚnico). CPF is not conditioned to regular migration status] | PBF: Full inclusion | PBF: Over income threshold | Cash transfers Direct food provision NGO financing of food provision Hygiene kits [personal and household] | Open to anyone in need (nationals and non-nationals) Most vulnerable individuals/families are prioritised Some funds are earmarked for humanitarian response for Venezuelans | Cash transfers Direct food provision Personal and household hygiene kits | Open to anyone in need (nationals and non-nationals) Most vulnerable individuals/families are prioritised for cash transfers |
Auxílio Emergencial (AE) | New transfer | Regular migration status [CPF and valid ID. expiration dates of government-issued IDs were extended] | Full inclusion [Despite initial implementation problems most migrants and refugees were contemplated] | Digital registration opened to all In-person cashing-in of benefit requires possession of valid migration or refugee document | |||||
Chile | Subsidio Único Familiar (SUF) | Maintenance | Regular migration status [National ID with ‘Unique National Number’ RUT. A valid RUT is conditioned to regular migration status] | Limited to regular migrants | Irregular migration status | Financing for NGOs, municipalities and national government Cash transfers Vouchers and direct food provision Financing of shelters and lodging | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees Most vulnerable groups are prioritised Venezuelans and vulnerable migration groups are prioritised | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees |
Subsidies1 | New transfers | Regular migration status [Valid national ID with RUT and previous registration in other NCST programmes—household social registry] | Limited to regular migrants and population [discretionality] | Irregular migration status and no previous enrolment in NCST pre existing programmes | |||||
Colombia | Familias en Acción (FA) | Maintenance | Colombian nationality | Exclusion | Migrants and refugees are not eligible | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits -Financing for NGOs, municipalities and national government | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees Most vulnerable groups are prioritised National, returned and displaced populations were included | Cash transfers Direct food provision -Hygiene Kits | Most vulnerable individuals/families are prioritised |
Ingreso solidario (IS) | New transfer | Regular migration status [PEP for Venezuelans] | Limited to regular migrants registered in social programmes registry (SISBEN) | Irregular migration status | |||||
Ecuador | Bono de Desarrollo Humano (BDH) | Maintenance | Ecuadorian nationality [since 2019 for BDH] | Exclusion | Migrants and refugees are not eligible | Transfers to NGOs and local governments | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees Most vulnerable groups are prioritised | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees |
Bono de Protección Familiar por Emergencia (BPFE) | New transfer | Ecuadorian nationality [since 2019 for BDH] | Exclusion | Migrants and refugees are not eligible | |||||
Mexico | Benito Juárez (BJ) scholarship for young students3 | Maintenance | Regular migration status | Limited inclusion [uneven geographical discretionality] | BJ: Uneven criteria for required documentation | Cash transfers Hygiene kits Financing of shelters and lodging | Flexible criteria for NGO financing | National network with comprehensive provision of services in shelters Direct food provision Hygiene kits | Open to anyone in need (nationals and non-nationals) |
Pensión para el Bienestar de Adultos Mayores (PBAM) | Early disbursement | Mexican nationality | Exclusion | Migrants and refugees are not eligible | |||||
Peru | JUNTOS | Expansion of cash transfer to new recipients | JUNTOS: Specific regular migration status | JUNTOS: Limited to migrants and refugee with residency card | JUNTOS: Asylum seekers, temporary residence permit holders, and irregular migrants are not eligible | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees Most vulnerable groups are prioritised | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits | Open to anyone in need (nationals and non-nationals) Venezuelan migrants and refugees are prioritised |
Subsidies2 | New transfers | Peruvian nationality [Valid national ID] | Exclusion | Migrants and refugees are not eligible | |||||
Uruguay | Asignaciones Familiares Plan de Equidad (AFAM PE) | Maintenance and increase of existing benefit | Regular migration status [valid national ID issued to asylum and residence permit applicants, cédula de identidad provisoria] | Limited to regular migrants | Migrants that do not certify having a residence permit application or asylum seeker application are excluded | Cash transfers Direct food provision Hygiene kits Financing lodging | Open to migrants, asylum seekers and refugees Most vulnerable groups are prioritised Venezuelans and vulnerable migrant groups are prioritised Contingent inclusion of nationals | NGOs receive support from AIs | Open to migrant, asylum seekers and refugees |
INDA | |||||||||
Tarjeta Uruguay Social (TUS) | |||||||||
Canasta de Emergencia Alimentaria (CEA) | New transfer | Not conditioned to regular migration status | Full inclusion | Administrative challenges for digital registration faced by irregular migrants [These issues were solved through direct provision of food] | |||||