Table 5 Desired destinations of those wanting to emigrate, by country and irregularity willingness
From: Re-thinking the drivers of regular and irregular migration: evidence from the MENA region
| Â | Algeria | Egypt | Iraq | Jordan | Kuwait | Lebanon | Libya | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | |
Algeria | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
Bahrain | 2 | 0 | 6.7 | 8.2 | 0 | 0 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0 |
Canada | 29.5 | 31 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 5.7 | 2.8 | 27.9 | 16.8 | 23.1 | 25.7 | 22.9 | 13.7 | 9.4 |
CEECs | 10.6 | 16.1 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 16.8 | 8.5 | 5.6 | 3.9 | 5.4 |
Egypt | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 3.2 | 2 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 5.8 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 6.6 | 7.5 |
France | 39.1 | 29.8 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 2 | 4.5 | 2 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 0 | 14.5 | 7 | 4 | 4.3 |
Germany | 17 | 29.7 | 4 | 5.7 | 14.2 | 21.5 | 14.2 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 11 | 11.9 | 22.2 | 7.9 | 8.7 |
Italy | 15.2 | 19.8 | 6.8 | 11.9 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 0.8 | 4 | 6.2 | 0 | 4.3 | 1.6 | 11 | 30 |
Jordan | 0.2 | 0 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.4 | 0 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.6 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 |
Kuwait | 1.5 | 0.2 | 22.9 | 20.4 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 5.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 0.2 | 0 |
Lebanon | 1.4 | 0 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
Morocco | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.4 | 2.1 |
Oman | 1 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0 |
Other Western Europe | 5.3 | 4.2 | 0.6 | 0 | 5.4 | 11.1 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 23.1 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 0.9 |
Qatar | 8.8 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 10.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 10.7 | 6 | 0 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 |
Saudi Arabia | 1.6 | 0.8 | 19.8 | 10.3 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 9.8 | 0 | 11.4 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 2 |
Spain | 17.1 | 19.9 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.2 | 4.9 |
Sub Saharan Africa | 8.6 | 13.8 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 7.5 | 17.4 | 2.2 | 0 | 8 | 3.8 |
Tunisia | 0.3 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.1 | 3 |
Turkey | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 37.1 | 18.9 | 37.1 | 10.2 | 15.3 | 36.1 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 6.6 | 4.8 |
UAE | 4.2 | 5.4 | 28.1 | 20 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 13.3 | 7.3 | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 3.3 | 7.1 |
UK | 5.2 | 10.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 7.5 | 1.1 | 3.3 | 5.9 | 0 | 6 | 4.7 | 3 | 6.5 |
US | 10.4 | 14.9 | 11.1 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 26.1 | 19.5 | 0 | 15.7 | 14.7 | 7.1 | 4 |
Other | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 15.7 | 12.9 | 15.6 | 11.9 | 8.5 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 5.9 | 10.8 | 3 |
Don't know | 0.1 | 0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 0.9 | 0 | 8 | 14.8 | 6.5 | 6.5 |
| Â | Morocco | Palestine | Sudan | Tunisia | Yemen | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | |
Algeria | 0.1 | 0 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 0.2 | 1 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
Bahrain | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
Canada | 23.8 | 17.8 | 15 | 5.5 | 7.4 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 4.9 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 15.8 | 13 |
CEECs | 2.9 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 11 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 4.1 | 5.5 |
Egypt | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 4.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
France | 30.3 | 29.4 | 0.9 | 3.6 | 6.1 | 17.2 | 26.5 | 30.6 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 11.7 | 15.4 |
Germany | 17.2 | 30 | 8 | 8.1 | 3.2 | 6 | 11.4 | 8.7 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 9.8 | 14.7 |
Italy | 15.9 | 36.4 | 0.6 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 5 | 8 | 17.8 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 5.8 | 13.8 |
Jordan | 0 | 0 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
Kuwait | 7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 13.4 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 0 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 3.5 |
Lebanon | 0.4 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 1 | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
Morocco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Oman | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 5.4 | 4 | 1.4 | 1.1 |
Other Western Europe | 0.9 | 1 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 3.2 |
Qatar | 5.9 | 2.6 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 21.1 | 15.2 | 3.6 | 0.4 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 6.8 | 5.6 |
Saudi Arabia | 1.7 | 2 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 21.1 | 16.3 | 2.8 | 0.2 | 24.6 | 40.5 | 8 | 7.7 |
Spain | 13.2 | 37.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0 | 3.6 | 9.2 |
Sub Saharan Africa | 4.4 | 6.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 5 | 6.3 | 2.8 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 | 3.1 | 3.8 |
Tunisia | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.6 |
Turkey | 9.7 | 3.1 | 20.2 | 24.3 | 6.1 | 4 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 15.7 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 8.2 |
UAE | 7.5 | 1.7 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 13.9 | 7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 3.5 | 9.7 | 5.6 |
UK | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 5.5 | 6 | 1 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 4.1 |
US | 8.3 | 4.4 | 10.8 | 5.6 | 14.8 | 15.5 | 1.6 | 3 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 12 | 9.6 |
Other | 6.1 | 4.1 | 4 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 14.6 | 16.9 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 7.5 | 6.5 |
Don't know | 2 | 1.8 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0.2 | 13.9 | 11.9 | 0 | 1.4 | 3.8 | 3.3 |